Echinodermes

Echinoderms

Echinoderms form part of the animal kingdom in which it constitutes a phylum showing three original characteristics in the alive world:

* a side symmetry penta, of order 5

* an intradermal skeleton, composed of plates or spicules limestones and forming a rigid test in the case of the Sea urchins (Echinidea), or a structure articulated in the case of Astérides, Ophiurides and Crinoïdes. For Holothurides, the diffuse skeleton is in the form of spicules limestones, giving their characteristic soft aspect.

* an aquiferous apparatus or apparatus ambulacraire.

The phylum of Echinodermata, exclusively sailor, comprises 5 classes: Astérides, Ophiurides, Echinidea, Holothurides and Crinoïdes. They occupy all the types of funds and have very varied diets: carnivores for Astérides, détritivores for Holothurides and a part of Echinidea, filterers for Ophiurides and Crinoïdes (fixed or not). They have skeletal parts limestones more or less developed and thus left many fossils making it possible to reconstitute the evolution of the group. The phylum existed already at the beginning of Cambrien and developed to become very diversified at the end of Paleozoic where the majority of the classes are fixed organizations. Currently, only the group of Crinoïdes preserved this antiquated character.

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